{"id":9512,"date":"2026-03-05T09:21:03","date_gmt":"2026-03-05T07:21:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/esghub.ro\/?p=9512"},"modified":"2026-03-05T09:21:03","modified_gmt":"2026-03-05T07:21:03","slug":"european-commission-climate-transition-can-be-compatible-with-sustainable-public-finances","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/esghub.ro\/en\/comisia-europeana-tranzitia-climatica-poate-fi-compatibila-cu-finante-publice-sustenabile\/","title":{"rendered":"European Commission: climate transition can be compatible with sustainable public finances"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"flex flex-col text-sm pb-25\">\n<article class=\"text-token-text-primary w-full focus:outline-none [--shadow-height:45px] has-data-writing-block:pointer-events-none has-data-writing-block:-mt-(--shadow-height) has-data-writing-block:pt-(--shadow-height) [&amp;:has([data-writing-block])&gt;*]:pointer-events-auto scroll-mt-[calc(var(--header-height)+min(200px,max(70px,20svh)))]\" dir=\"auto\" data-turn-id=\"request-69a14865-6cd4-838f-b7a9-463d23c8c4ab-1\" data-testid=\"conversation-turn-45\" data-scroll-anchor=\"true\" data-turn=\"assistant\">\n<div class=\"text-base my-auto mx-auto pb-10 [--thread-content-margin:--spacing(4)] @w-sm\/main:[--thread-content-margin:--spacing(6)] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-margin:--spacing(16)] px-(--thread-content-margin)\">\n<div class=\"[--thread-content-max-width:40rem] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-max-width:48rem] mx-auto max-w-(--thread-content-max-width) flex-1 group\/turn-messages focus-visible:outline-hidden relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col agent-turn\">\n<div class=\"flex max-w-full flex-col grow\">\n<div class=\"min-h-8 text-message relative flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 text-start break-words whitespace-normal [.text-message+&amp;]:mt-1\" dir=\"auto\" data-message-author-role=\"assistant\" data-message-id=\"aa4d1c36-7b72-4fa7-86dd-2a131939f544\" data-message-model-slug=\"gpt-5-2-thinking\">\n<div class=\"flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden first:pt-[1px]\">\n<div class=\"markdown prose dark:prose-invert w-full wrap-break-word light markdown-new-styling\">\n<p>Studiul Impacts of the Climate Transition on Public Finances analizeaz\u0103 cum vor fi afectate veniturile, cheltuielile \u0219i datoria public\u0103 pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce economiile europene ies din dependen\u021ba de combustibili fosili.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"687\" data-end=\"724\">Studiul<span style=\"font-size: 16px\"> porne\u0219te de la faptul c\u0103 \u00eentre 2014 \u0219i 2022, \u00een UE, <\/span>veniturile din taxe pe energie au dep\u0103\u0219it constant cheltuielile publice pentru combustibili \u0219i energie<span style=\"font-size: 16px\">, iar veniturile din taxe de mediu \u0219i ETS au crescut, \u00een timp ce subven\u021biile directe au urcat puternic \u00een anii crizei energetice. \u00cen paralel \u00eens\u0103, ponderea acestor venituri \u00een totalul veniturilor publice a \u00eenceput s\u0103 scad\u0103, semn c\u0103 baza fiscal\u0103 tradi\u021bional\u0103 se erodeaz\u0103 pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce consumul de combustibili fosili se reduce. Studiul noteaz\u0103 \u0219i c\u0103 deficitele bugetare anuale ale statelor membre au crescut \u00een ultimii ani, chiar dac\u0103 veniturile din energie \u0219i ETS au urcat.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"1414\" data-end=\"1443\"><strong>Dou\u0103 scenarii p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 2050<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"1445\" data-end=\"1855\">Autorii compar\u0103 dou\u0103 scenarii. Primul, Frozen Policy Pathway (FPP), presupune c\u0103 nu mai apar politici climatice sau energetice noi. Al doilea, Core Policy Scenario (CPS), include pachetul Fit for 55, extinderea ETS, CBAM, standardele CO2 pentru vehicule \u0219i traseul c\u0103tre reducerea net\u0103 a emisiilor cu 55% \u00een 2030, 90% \u00een 2040 \u0219i neutralitate climatic\u0103 \u00een 2050.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1857\" data-end=\"2235\">Concluzia central\u0103 a studiului este c\u0103, \u00een ambele modele utilizate, tranzi\u021bia climatic\u0103 poate fi gestionat\u0103 f\u0103r\u0103 deteriorarea nesustenabil\u0103 a finan\u021belor publice. Pierderile din taxe indirecte legate de combustibili fosili sunt, \u00een linii mari, compensate de venituri suplimentare din ETS1, ETS2, CBAM \u0219i din eliminarea treptat\u0103 a subven\u021biilor pentru combustibili fosili.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"2281\" data-end=\"2899\">Studiul folose\u0219te dou\u0103 modele macroeconomice: E3ME \u0219i GEM-E3, ambele \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bite pentru a surprinde mai bine leg\u0103tura dintre tranzi\u021bia climatic\u0103 \u0219i bugetele publice. Diferen\u021ba dintre ele este important\u0103. \u00cen E3ME, investi\u021biile verzi stimuleaz\u0103 economia, ceea ce duce la venituri publice mai mari; \u00een acest caz, statele pot chiar s\u0103 foloseasc\u0103 veniturile suplimentare pentru sprijinirea gospod\u0103riilor sau pentru reducerea datoriei. \u00cen GEM-E3, tranzi\u021bia are un efect economic mai rezervat, iar unele state ar avea nevoie de major\u0103ri moderate de taxe pentru a men\u021bine stabil raportul datorie\/PIB.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"2901\" data-end=\"3096\">Ambele modele converg c\u0103tre ideea c\u0103 impactul fiscal net al tranzi\u021biei r\u0103m\u00e2ne \u00een limite sustenabile, dac\u0103 politicile sunt bine calibrate.<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"3098\" data-end=\"3132\">Rom\u00e2nia, studiu de caz<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"3134\" data-end=\"3562\">Rom\u00e2nia apare \u00eentr-unul dintre cele patru studii de caz na\u021bionale, al\u0103turi de Danemarca, Polonia \u0219i Spania. Raportul arat\u0103 c\u0103 Rom\u00e2nia combin\u0103 o dependen\u021b\u0103 relativ ridicat\u0103 de veniturile din combustibili fosili cu o reducere puternic\u0103 a emisiilor fa\u021b\u0103 de 2005. Dependen\u021ba de venituri fosile este estimat\u0103 la 3,7%, peste media UE de 2,5%, iar reducerea emisiilor ajunge la 52%, fa\u021b\u0103 de media UE de 24,19%.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"3564\" data-end=\"4059\">Studiul subliniaz\u0103 c\u0103 Rom\u00e2nia este puternic dependent\u0103 de finan\u021barea european\u0103 pentru tranzi\u021bia climatic\u0103, prin instrumente precum Modernisation Fund, Just Transition Fund, Cohesion Fund sau ERDF. Raportul avertizeaz\u0103 c\u0103 industrii precum o\u021belul, cimentul \u0219i chimicalele pot resim\u021bi costuri mai mari din cauza pre\u021bului carbonului \u0219i a noilor reglement\u0103ri, ceea ce ar putea necesita sprijin public pentru a-\u0219i p\u0103stra competitivitatea.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"4061\" data-end=\"4085\">Una dintre ideile <span style=\"font-size: 16px\">raportului este c\u0103 tranzi\u021bia nu este ieftin\u0103. Ea <\/span>poate fi \u00eens\u0103 finan\u021bat\u0103 f\u0103r\u0103 a destabiliza finan\u021bele publice<span style=\"font-size: 16px\">, atunci c\u00e2nd statele \u00eenlocuiesc treptat veniturile pierdute din combustibili fosili cu noi surse fiscale \u0219i folosesc inteligent veniturile din carbon pricing. Este improtant prin urmare cum<\/span>\u00a0sunt redesenate bugetele publice \u00eentr-o economie decarbonizat\u0103<span style=\"font-size: 16px\">. Studiul sugereaz\u0103 c\u0103 aceast\u0103 repozi\u021bionare este posibil\u0103 prin politici fiscale, industriale \u0219i sociale bine coordonate la nivel european \u0219i na\u021bional.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/article>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Studiul Impacts of the Climate Transition on Public Finances analizeaz\u0103 cum vor fi afectate veniturile, cheltuielile \u0219i datoria public\u0103 pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce economiile europene ies din dependen\u021ba de combustibili fosili. Studiul porne\u0219te de la faptul c\u0103 \u00eentre 2014 \u0219i 2022, \u00een UE, veniturile din taxe pe energie au dep\u0103\u0219it constant cheltuielile publice pentru combustibili \u0219i [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":9513,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"iawp_total_views":3,"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9512","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-noutati"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/esghub.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9512","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/esghub.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/esghub.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/esghub.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/esghub.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9512"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/esghub.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9512\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9515,"href":"https:\/\/esghub.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9512\/revisions\/9515"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/esghub.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9513"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/esghub.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9512"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/esghub.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9512"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/esghub.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9512"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}